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Avena
PLAB v1.0 · 36 questions · scored daily 05:30 UTC · CC BY 4.0

Which AI actually knows European property?

PLAB scores major AI models daily on a fixed, git-versioned question bank of European property and finance facts — regulation, macro policy, market structure, taxation, definitions. Every ground truth is a public institutional fact with a source. Every model reply is stored verbatim for audit. None of the answers come from Avena's own data: we publish the scoreboard, we don't play on it.

Leaderboard · 2026-06-12
#ModelAccuracy
01Perplexity Sonar97.2%
02Claude Sonnet 4.594.4%
03Claude Haiku 4.586.1%
OpenAI GPTintegration pending
Google Geminiintegration pending
Mistral Largeintegration pending
By category
ModelDefinitionsRegulationMacro policyMarket structureTaxation
Claude Haiku 4.5100%80%75%83%100%
Claude Sonnet 4.5100%80%100%100%100%
Perplexity Sonar100%100%88%100%100%

The question bank — public, versioned, sourced

All 36 questions are published below with their ground truths and institutional sources. The set is frozen per version and git-versioned; changes ship as a new PLAB version. If you believe a ground truth is wrong, challenge it — corrections are published, in keeping with how Avena publishes its own limitations.

Show all 36 questions
PLAB-001Definitions

In mortgage lending, what does the abbreviation LTV stand for?

Ground truth: Loan-to-value · source
PLAB-002Definitions

In macroprudential policy, what does the abbreviation DSTI stand for?

Ground truth: Debt service-to-income · source
PLAB-003Definitions

In banking regulation, what does the abbreviation CCyB stand for?

Ground truth: Countercyclical capital buffer · source
PLAB-004Definitions

In property valuation, what does the abbreviation AVM stand for?

Ground truth: Automated valuation model · source
PLAB-005Definitions

What does the abbreviation RICS stand for?

Ground truth: Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors · source
PLAB-006Definitions

In euro area statistics, what does the abbreviation HICP stand for?

Ground truth: Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices · source
PLAB-007Definitions

RICS global valuation standards are commonly known by what two-word name?

Ground truth: The Red Book · source
PLAB-008Definitions

In Spain, what does the foreigner identification number abbreviated NIE stand for (in Spanish or English)?

Ground truth: Número de Identidad de Extranjero (Foreigner Identity Number) · source
PLAB-101Regulation

In which year did the German Federal Constitutional Court strike down the Berlin rent cap (Mietendeckel)?

Ground truth: 2021 · source
PLAB-102Regulation

What is the directive number of the recast EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive adopted in 2024? Answer in the form YYYY/NNNN.

Ground truth: Directive (EU) 2024/1275 · source
PLAB-103Regulation

In which year did the recast EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) enter into force?

Ground truth: 2024 · source
PLAB-104Regulation

Under the EU SFDR, which article number covers financial products that promote environmental or social characteristics (so-called light green funds)?

Ground truth: Article 8 · source
PLAB-105Regulation

Which IAS accounting standard governs investment property? Answer with the standard number.

Ground truth: IAS 40 · source
PLAB-106Regulation

In which year did the ECB Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) become operational?

Ground truth: 2014 · source
PLAB-107Regulation

In which year was the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB) established?

Ground truth: 2010 · source
PLAB-108Regulation

In which year did banks begin reporting granular credit data to the ECB under AnaCredit?

Ground truth: 2018 · source
PLAB-109Regulation

What is the final Basel III output floor level, as a percentage?

Ground truth: 72.5% · source
PLAB-110Regulation

In which year did Spain end its golden visa (residency-by-property-investment) programme?

Ground truth: 2025 · source
PLAB-201Macro policy

What was the ECB deposit facility rate, in percent, after the September 2023 hike?

Ground truth: 4.00% · source
PLAB-202Macro policy

What was the ECB main refinancing operations rate, in percent, after the September 2023 hike?

Ground truth: 4.50% · source
PLAB-203Macro policy

In which year did the ECB begin cutting policy rates after the 2022–2023 hiking cycle?

Ground truth: 2024 · source
PLAB-204Macro policy

What was the euro area HICP annual inflation peak, in percent, reached in October 2022?

Ground truth: 10.6% · source
PLAB-205Macro policy

How many countries are members of the euro area (as of 2023 or later)?

Ground truth: 20 · source
PLAB-206Macro policy

How many member states does the European Union have?

Ground truth: 27 · source
PLAB-207Macro policy

In which year did Croatia adopt the euro?

Ground truth: 2023 · source
PLAB-208Macro policy

In which year did the 3-month EURIBOR first turn negative?

Ground truth: 2015 · source
PLAB-301Market structure

Which company is Europe’s largest listed residential landlord?

Ground truth: Vonovia · source
PLAB-302Market structure

On which German blue-chip stock index is Vonovia listed?

Ground truth: DAX · source
PLAB-303Market structure

What is the name of the German reference rent index used to benchmark local rents?

Ground truth: Mietspiegel · source
PLAB-304Market structure

What is the acronym of the Dutch municipal property valuation system used for taxation?

Ground truth: WOZ (Waardering Onroerende Zaken) · source
PLAB-305Market structure

In which year did the Central Bank of Ireland introduce its mortgage measures (LTV and income-multiple limits)?

Ground truth: 2015 · source
PLAB-306Market structure

The Danish mortgage system is primarily funded through which type of bond?

Ground truth: Covered bonds (realkredit) · source
PLAB-401Taxation

What is the acronym of the annual municipal property tax in Spain?

Ground truth: IBI (Impuesto sobre Bienes Inmuebles) · source
PLAB-402Taxation

What is the acronym of the Spanish transfer tax paid on resale (second-hand) property purchases?

Ground truth: ITP (Impuesto de Transmisiones Patrimoniales) · source
PLAB-403Taxation

What is the acronym of the French wealth tax on real estate that replaced the ISF in 2018?

Ground truth: IFI (Impôt sur la Fortune Immobilière) · source
PLAB-404Taxation

Purchases of new-build property in Spain are subject to which tax instead of ITP?

Ground truth: IVA (VAT) · source
Methodology

Every model receives an identical prompt per question instructing answer-only output. Numeric answers are scored within a published tolerance; text answers against a published accept-list. Raw replies are stored verbatim in the public runs table for audit. Ground truths are public institutional facts — never Avena's own data, because the referee does not play on the scoreboard. Scoring runs daily at 05:30 UTC; new providers are added as integrations land. PLAB v1.0 · CC BY 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.19520064.