Dataset due diligence

string · required

Town name, the text before the comma in the listing location. Towns with fewer than 5 live listings are omitted from this file.

Example: Estepona

string · required

Costa label from the listing book for that town.

Example: Costa del Sol

integer · listings · required

Live listings in the town at the time the file was built.

Example: 230

number · EUR · required

Median asking price of the live listings in the town.

Example: 724,500

number · EUR/m² · required

Median asking price per square metre.

Example: 6,793

number · EUR/m² · required

25th percentile of asking price per square metre.

Example: 5,475

number · EUR/m² · required

75th percentile of asking price per square metre.

Example: 8,896

number · m² · required

Median built area of the live listings in the town.

Example: 102

number · percent · required

Share of listings whose type is Villa, Townhouse, or Bungalow.

Example: 13

number · km · nullable

Median beach distance. Null when the town has no beach-distance values.

Example: 1.2

date · YYYY-MM-DD · required

Observation day. Days with no snapshot are absent, not filled with zeros.

Example: 2026-08-05

integer · listings · required

Distinct listing refs observed that day.

Example: 1,990

integer · listings · required

Verified asking-price increases observed that day. Unit changes are not included.

Example: 0

integer · listings · required

Verified asking-price reductions observed that day. Unit changes are not included.

Example: 0

number · percent · nullable

Median absolute size of the verified moves that day. Null when the day had no counted move.

Example: null

integer · listings · required

Listing refs recorded as leaving the feed that day. A delisting is not a registered sale.

Example: 0

integer · listings · required

Delisted refs observed listed again that day.

Example: 0

string · required

Listing ref the move was observed on. The column name is historical; the value is the feed ref.

Example: N6155

date · YYYY-MM-DD · required

Day the new asking price was observed.

Example: 2026-08-06

date · YYYY-MM-DD · required

Day the previous asking price of the same ref was observed. Not necessarily the previous calendar day.

Example: 2026-08-05

number · EUR · required

Previous asking price.

Example: 270,631

number · EUR · required

Newly observed asking price.

Example: 285,631

number · percent · required

Change from the previous observed asking price to the new one, in percent.

Example: 5.54

string · nullable

Town stored on the newer snapshot. Null when the snapshot had none.

Example: La Manga del Mar Menor

string · nullable

Property type stored on the newer snapshot. Null when the snapshot had none.

Example: Townhouse

string · required

Listing ref that left the observed feed. The value is the feed ref.

Example: N9263

string · nullable

Town on the delisting row.

Example: Pinoso

string · nullable

Region code on the delisting row.

Example: cb-south

string · nullable

Property type on the delisting row.

Example: Villa

number · bedrooms · nullable

Bedrooms on the delisting row.

Example: null

number · m² · nullable

Built area on the delisting row.

Example: null

number · EUR · nullable

Last asking price observed before the ref left the feed.

Example: 385,000

number · EUR/m² · nullable

Last asking price per square metre observed before the ref left the feed.

Example: 3,667

date · YYYY-MM-DD · nullable

Last day the ref was observed in the feed.

Example: 2026-08-06

date · YYYY-MM-DD · nullable

First later day the ref was observed listed again. Null when it has not returned. The tombstone row is kept either way.

Example: null

boolean · required

True when the ref is present on the latest observation day. Those rows are not evidence of absorption.

Example: false

string · required

Dataset name written by the open-dataset generator.

Example: Avena Spanish Coastal New-Build Market Observations

string · required

File version, the generation date prefixed with v. Not the Zenodo deposit.

Example: v2026-10-26

integer · required

Schema version of the observation files. 2 added relisted_on, relistings, and the split between delistings that returned and delistings still absent.

Example: 2

timestamp · ISO-8601 · required

When this manifest was generated.

Example: 2026-10-26T06:52:56.385Z

string · required

License string written on the manifest.

Example: CC-BY-4.0

string · required

Attribution string written on the manifest.

Example: Avena Terminal (avenaterminal.com)

date · YYYY-MM-DD · required

First observation day in the published ledger.

Example: 2026-08-05

date · YYYY-MM-DD · required

Latest observation day in the published ledger.

Example: 2026-10-26

integer · days · required

Count of observation days in the file. Not a calendar span.

Example: 76

integer · listings · required

Distinct refs present in the snapshots used to build the file.

Example: 2,343

integer · moves · required

Rows in moves.csv.

Example: 764

integer · listings · required

Rows in tombstones.csv, including refs later observed again.

Example: 328

integer · listings · required

Tombstoned refs with a relisted_on date.

Example: 50

integer · listings · required

Tombstoned refs present again on the latest observation day.

Example: 45

integer · listings · required

Tombstoned refs absent on the latest observation day.

Example: 283

integer · listings · required

Listing-book size when the file was built. It can differ from the book on a later deploy.

Example: 2,051

integer · towns · required

Towns in towns.csv.

Example: 67

integer · listings · required

Minimum live listings for a town to be published in towns.csv.

Example: 5

string · required

DOI of an earlier one-off snapshot. The manifest note says the current dataset version is not that deposit.

Example: 10.5281/zenodo.19520064

date · YYYY-MM-DD · required

Publication date of the Zenodo snapshot named on the manifest.

Example: 2026-04-11

integer · listings · required

Listing count of that Zenodo snapshot, as written on the manifest. Not the current book.

Example: 500

string · required

The generator's own note on what the Zenodo DOI is and is not.

Example: Earlier one-off snapshot. This dataset version is not deposited on Zenodo.

string · nullable

Feed listing reference. Omitted from JSON when the listing has none.

Example: N9739

string · required

Listing title stored on the book.

Example: Modern New Build Villas in Finestrat with Private Pool Near Benidorm

string · required

Source label written by the capture, not a promoter company name. See coverage.

Example: Via Xavia Estate

string · required

Location string as stored, normally "town, province".

Example: Finestrat, Alicante

string · required

Costa name when the listing has one, otherwise the region code.

Example: Costa Blanca North

string · required

Property type stored on the listing.

Example: Villa

number · EUR · required

Asking price. Not a registered transaction price.

Example: 550,000

number · EUR · required

Upper asking price when the feed has a range. Equals price when it does not.

Example: 550,000

number · EUR/m² · nullable

Asking price per square metre of the area used for the listing.

Example: 5,140

number · EUR/m² · required

Area benchmark price per square metre stored on the listing. A model input, not a transaction index.

Example: 6,466

number · m² · required

Built area stored on the listing.

Example: 107

number · m² · nullable

Plot area. Null when the feed has none.

Example: 300

number · bedrooms · required

Bedroom count stored on the listing.

Example: 3

number · bathrooms · required

Bathroom count stored on the listing.

Example: 3

number · km · nullable

Beach distance stored on the listing.

Example: 5

string · required

Build status stored on the listing.

Example: under-construction

string · required

Completion quarter stored on the listing, or TBA when the feed has no delivery date.

Example: 2026-Q4

number · 0–100 · nullable

Avena Score computed when the book is loaded. Not a read of score_history. Null when the listing was not scored.

Example: 79

number · 0–1 · required

Deterministic adversarial confidence computed with the response. The route passes energy as null into that calculation.

Example: 0.94

string[] · required

Reason codes from the same confidence calculation. Empty when none apply.

Example: ["missing_energy"]

boolean · required

True when that confidence is below the review threshold in the confidence module.

Example: false

number · percent · nullable

Gross yield estimate computed with the score. Null when the listing has no yield.

Example: 8.9

number · percent · nullable

Net yield estimate computed with the score.

Example: 5

number · EUR · nullable

Gross annual rent estimate behind the yield.

Example: 49,000

string · required

URL stored on the listing. It is not guaranteed to be an http listing page.

Example: https://www.xaviaestate.com/search-property/province_4/city_65/page_1/order_ddesc/

string · nullable

First image URL stored on the listing.

Example: https://fotos15.apinmo.com/7515/28857817/16-1.jpg

number · degrees · nullable

Latitude stored on the listing.

Example: 38.558160418991896

number · degrees · nullable

Longitude stored on the listing.

Example: -0.20115097434858767

string · ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 · required

Country code. The route writes ES when the listing has none.

Example: ES

string · required

Country name. The route writes Spain when the listing has none.

Example: Spain

string · ISO 4217 · required

Currency code. The route writes EUR when the listing has none.

Example: EUR

string · nullable

Portal name stored on the listing, when the book has one.

Example: null

timestamp · ISO-8601 · nullable

Last sync timestamp stored on the listing, when the book has one.

Example: null

integer · listings · required

Listings matching the filters, before paging. The example is the unfiltered book.

Example: 2,051

integer · listings · required

Page size. Default 20. The route caps it at 50.

Example: 20

integer · listings · required

Paging offset. Default 0.

Example: 0

integer · listings · required

Listings in this page.

Example: 20

number · EUR · required

Mean asking price of the page, not of the whole filtered set.

Example: 472,712

number · 0–100 · required

Mean score of scored listings on the page. The route rounds the mean of an empty page to 0.

Example: 77

string · required

Identifier derived from the feed ref by deriveAPIPId. Not the feed ref itself. The default payload's ref is the feed ref.

Example: ES-COST-1931

integer · 0–100 · required

Rounded score, clamped to 0–100. A listing with no score is emitted as 0.

Example: 53

number · percent · nullable

Gross yield, rounded to 2 decimals. Omitted when the listing has no yield.

Example: 2.4

string · nullable

Present in the APIP schema. toAPIP always sets it undefined, so the JSON omits it. Not populated from this book.

Example: null

string · nullable

Present in the APIP schema. toAPIP always sets it undefined, so the JSON omits it.

Example: null

integer · 0–100 · nullable

Present in the APIP schema. toAPIP always sets it undefined, so the JSON omits it.

Example: null

string · nullable

Copied from the listing energy letter when that letter is A–G. No separate carbon figure is computed. Omitted otherwise.

Example: B

number · nullable

Present in the APIP schema. toAPIP always sets it undefined, so the JSON omits it.

Example: null

string · required

Text before the comma in the location string.

Example: Estepona

string · required

Costa name, or the region code when the listing has no costa.

Example: Costa del Sol

string · ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 · required

Country code. ES when the listing has none.

Example: ES

number · degrees · nullable

Latitude. The coordinates object is omitted unless both lat and lng are present.

Example: 36.42236862288461

number · degrees · nullable

Longitude. Omitted with coordinates when either value is missing.

Example: -5.201588722366235

number · km · nullable

Beach distance. Omitted when the listing has none.

Example: 2.2

number · EUR · required

Asking price.

Example: 560,000

number · EUR/m² · nullable

Asking price per square metre. Omitted when absent or zero.

Example: 7,778

number · EUR/m² · nullable

The listing benchmark price per square metre (mm2). Omitted when absent or zero.

Example: 8,687

string · ISO 4217 · required

Currency. EUR when the listing has none.

Example: EUR

number · local currency · nullable

Pre-conversion price. Omitted when the listing has none. This book's rows do not carry it.

Example: null

number · m² · nullable

Built area. Omitted when absent or zero.

Example: 72

number · bedrooms · nullable

Bedrooms. Omitted when null.

Example: 3

number · bathrooms · nullable

Bathrooms. Omitted when null.

Example: 2

string · nullable

Mapped to private, communal, or none. Other stored values are omitted.

Example: communal

string · nullable

Energy letter A–G, or pending when a value is present but not a letter. Omitted when the listing has none.

Example: B

string · nullable

Mapped to off_plan, under_construction, key_ready, or resale. Unrecognised status text is omitted.

Example: under_construction

string · nullable

Portal stored on the listing. The source object is omitted when portal, source ref, last sync, and URL are all empty.

Example: null

string · nullable

Source reference stored on the listing.

Example: null

timestamp · ISO-8601 · nullable

Last sync timestamp stored on the listing.

Example: null

string · nullable

URL stored on the listing.

Example: mailto:henrik@xaviaestate.com

string · required

Feed ref, or the development ref when the feed ref is missing. Empty string when both are missing.

Example: SP1931

string · required

Property type.

Example: Apartment

string · required

Location string as stored.

Example: Estepona, Málaga

string · required

Region code, not the costa name. The properties API region field prefers the costa name.

Example: costa-del-sol

number · EUR · required

Asking price.

Example: 560,000

number · EUR/m² · nullable

Asking price per square metre.

Example: 7,778

number · 0–100 · nullable

Score computed when the book is loaded.

Example: 53

number · percent · nullable

Gross yield estimate.

Example: 2.4

number · bedrooms · required

Bedroom count.

Example: 3

number · bathrooms · required

Bathroom count.

Example: 2

number · m² · required

Built area.

Example: 72

number · km · nullable

Beach distance.

Example: 2.2

string · required

Source label, not a promoter name.

Example: Via Avena Estate

string · required

Build status.

Example: under-construction

string · nullable

Energy rating stored on the listing.

Example: B

string · nullable

Pool value stored on the listing.

Example: communal

string · required

Constant attribution string written by this route on every row.

Example: Avena Terminal (avenaterminal.com)

string · required

Constant DOI string written by this route on every row. The open-dataset manifest describes that DOI as an earlier snapshot, not the current observation file.

Example: 10.5281/zenodo.19520064

string · required

Literal version written by this route. It is not the version in /open-data/dataset.json.

Example: 1.0.0

string · required

License URL written by this route.

Example: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

string · required

Full location string from the listing book, including the province. Not the town-only name used in towns.csv.

Example: Estepona, Málaga

integer · listings · required

Listings with that location string.

Example: 230

number · EUR · required

Mean asking price, rounded. The route emits 0 when the input list is empty.

Example: 989,440

number · percent · required

Mean gross yield, one decimal. 0 when the location has no yield estimates.

Example: 2

number · 0–100 · required

Mean score, rounded. 0 when the location has no scores.

Example: 51

number · EUR/m² · required

Mean asking price per square metre, rounded.

Example: 7,903

string · required

Constant attribution written on every aggregate row.

Example: Avena Terminal (avenaterminal.com)

string · required

Constant license string written on every aggregate row.

Example: CC BY 4.0

string · required

Costa label from the listing book.

Example: Costa del Sol

integer · listings · required

Listings in that costa.

Example: 861

number · EUR · required

Mean asking price in the costa, rounded.

Example: 1,006,990

number · percent · required

Mean gross yield in the costa. 0 when none of the listings have a yield.

Example: 2

number · 0–100 · required

Mean score in the costa. 0 when none of the listings have a score.

Example: 50

number · EUR/m² · required

Mean asking price per square metre in the costa, rounded.

Example: 7,925

string · required

Constant attribution written on every aggregate row.

Example: Avena Terminal (avenaterminal.com)

string · required

Constant license string written on every aggregate row.

Example: CC BY 4.0

string · required

Property type.

Example: Apartment

integer · listings · required

Listings of that type.

Example: 886

number · percent · required

Share of the book, one decimal.

Example: 43.2

string · required

Asking-price band label defined in the route.

Example: Under €100k

integer · listings · required

Listings in that band. The top of each band is exclusive.

Example: 1

string · required

Score band label defined in the route.

Example: 90–100 (Exceptional)

integer · listings · required

Scored listings in that band.

Example: 0

string · required

Gross-yield band label defined in the route.

Example: Over 8%

integer · listings · required

Listings whose gross yield falls in that band.

Example: 65

number · required

A single number this route computes from the book averages. It is not the APCI series published at /avena-index.

Example: 22.7

number · 0–100 · required

Mean score of scored listings, one decimal.

Example: 49.9

number · EUR · required

Mean asking price of the book, rounded.

Example: 723,589

number · percent · required

Mean gross yield of listings that have one, two decimals.

Example: 3.58

number · EUR/m² · required

Mean asking price per square metre, rounded.

Example: 6,340

integer · listings · required

Listings in the book used to build the response.

Example: 2,051

integer · listings · required

Listings that have a score.

Example: 2,051

date · YYYY-MM-DD · required

UTC date of the request, not the feed generation date.

Example: 2026-10-26